This scoping study aims to explain why pesticide residues issues occur more frequently in high-value lettuce and Asian greens grown in protected cropping (PC) and hydroponic systems than in lettuce from traditional soil-based production. The study addresses causes and backgrounds and provides practical data and information obtained from three commerical PC growers in Qld, Nsw, and Vic. The study recommends to the industry to considerably reduce the use of pesticides by employing advanced spray technology and applying elements of Integrated Pest Management (IPM).